PARIS (Reuters) – The territorial inequalities between fifteen major French cities and rural France and device away from the mainstream economy worsen, according to a note published in France Thursday Strategy
<. p> Ironically, this government agency, which reports to the Prime Minister, however, calls for a strengthening of public investment in these cities or on their periphery in the name of economic efficiency.
the springs of growth is lacking in many medium-sized cities and rural areas and gaps in equality of opportunity and access to services will resorb more write the authors of the note.
the 15 areas urban over 500,000 inhabitants concentrate 40% of the population, 55% of the payroll, more than 50% of economic activity, two-thirds of the students.
the GDP per capita is on average 50% higher than in the rest of the country. It is also in this metropolis that 75% of the growth was concentrated between 2000 and 2010 and over 70% of net job creation between 2007 and 2014.
But the concentration population in these large centers also has a cost in terms of pollution, safety, price, and income inequality are the most important.
the territorial inequalities have particular hollowed due to de-industrialization, at work for thirty years, particularly in the northeast of the country.
“Contrary to popular belief, it is the Île-de-France, and above all Paris and its suburbs, which saw the relative weight of industry declined most strongly, “the authors report.
But the Île-de-France has massively shifted to services high added value, while the northern and eastern experiencing economic decline “significant”, they add.
the aging population is also more pronounced in the peripheral countries. In half of the departments, the ratio between elderly and working age is expected to increase more than 25 points by 2040.
So far, social protection and public policies for disadvantaged areas helped reduce inequalities, particularly in terms of income.
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But urban areas with less than 100,000 inhabitants and rural areas, overall positioned on ailing industries, could see their economic decline should accelerate in the next decade, with access increasingly difficult to services of general interest.
reorganization related to the reduction of the number of regions will take time, still say the authors, who advocate a revision of the land use policy.
this has long sought to revitalize declining areas through investment. “However, recent economic developments raise rethink this direction,” says the note.
According to its authors, the search for efficiency “encourage (…) to invest more public resources in big cities or in their periphery, to develop infrastructure, research and innovation. “
” in particular, in this scheme, it will ensure that Paris can fully play the role of city- world leading within the EU-27, “they add, noting the decision of the UK to leave the EU.
According to them, such a policy would increase the competitiveness of the French economy and provide additional tax revenues that could benefit the disadvantaged territories through, including social protection.
No doubt aware of the provocative nature of their argument, they suggest however, a “compromise solution”.
It is to concentrate investment on cities, while supporting the most vulnerable to a final stall territories but investing less in the “intermediate territories”.
the note, however, about the need to take into account the territorial dimension when locating future investments and that the definition of “minimum basket of services” guaranteed by State of the country.
Finally, the measures where territorial inequalities “will always be difficult to reduce,” she questions the solution would be to promote geographical mobility, recognizing the risk negative side effects.
(Emmanuel Jarry, edited by Yves Clarisse)
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